Trick-taking games
The object of a trick-taking
game is based on the play of multiple rounds, or tricks, in each of
which each player plays a single card from their hand, and based on the values
of played cards one player wins or "takes" the trick. The specific
object varies with each game and can include taking as many tricks as possible,
taking as many scoring cards (or as few penalty cards) within the tricks won as
possible, taking as few tricks as possible, or taking an exact number of
tricks. Bridge, Whist, Euchre, Spades are
popular examples.
Matching games
The object of Rummy, and various other melding or matching games, is to
acquire the required groups of matching cards before an opponent can do so. In Rummy, this is done
through drawing and discarding, and the groups are called melds. Mahjong
is a very similar game played with tiles instead of cards. Non-Rummy examples
of match-type games generally fall into the "fishing" genre and
include the children's games Go Fish, Old Maid and Blue Canary.
Shedding games
In a shedding game, players start with a hand of
cards, and the object of the game is to be the first player to discard all
cards from one's hand. Common shedding games include UNO and Daihinmin.
Some matching-type games are also shedding-type games; some variants of Rummy
such as Phase 10
and Rummikub,
as well as the children's game Old Maid, fall into both categories.
Accumulating games
The object of an accumulating game is to acquire all cards
in the deck. Examples include most War
type games, and games involving slapping a discard pile. Egyptian War
has both of these features.
Fishing games
In fishing games, cards from the hand are played against
cards in a layout on the table, capturing table cards if they match. Fishing
games are popular in many nations, including China, where there are many
diverse fishing games. Scopa is considered one of the national card games of Italy. Cassino is the only fishing game to be widely
played in English-speaking countries. Seep is a classic Indian
fishing card game mainly popular in northern parts of India.
Comparing games
Comparing card games are those where hand values are
compared to determine the winner, also known as "vying" or
"showdown" games. Poker, blackjack, and baccarat are examples of comparing card games. As seen, nearly
all of these games are designed as gambling games.
Solitaire (Patience) games
Solitaire games are designed to be played by one player.
Most games begin with a specific layout of cards, called a tableau, and the
object is then either to construct a more elaborate final layout, or to clear
the tableau and/or the draw pile or stock by moving all cards to one or more
"discard" or "foundation" piles.
Drinking card games
Drinking card games are, true to their name, a subset of drinking
games using cards, in which the object in playing the game is either
to drink or to force others to drink. Many games are simply ordinary card games
with the establishment of "drinking rules"; Asshole
(Presidents), for instance, is virtually identical to Daihinmin
but with additional rules governing drinking. Poker can also be played using a
number of drinks as the wager. Another game often played as a drinking game is Toepen, quite
popular in the Netherlands. Some card games are designed
specifically to be played as drinking games.
Multi-genre games
Many games borrow elements from more than one type of game.
The most common combination is that of matching and shedding, as in some
variants of Rummy, Old Maid and Go Fish. However, many multi-genre games involve different
stages of play for each hand. The most common multi-stage combination is a
"trick-and-meld" game, such as Pinochle
or Belote.
Other multi-stage, multi-genre games include Poke,
Flaps, Skitgubbe
and Tichu.
Collectible card games (CCGs)
Collectible card games are defined by the use of decks of
proprietary cards that differ between players. The contents of these decks are
a subset of a very large pool of available cards which have differing effects,
costs, and art. A player accumulates his or her deck through purchase or trade
for desirable cards, and each player uses their own deck to play against the
other. Magic: The Gathering and Yu-Gi-Oh!
are well-known collectible card games. Such games are also created to
capitalize on the popularity of other forms of entertainment, such as Pokémon
and Marvel Comics
which both have had CCGs created around them.
Casino or gambling card games
These games revolve around wagers of money. Though virtually
any game in which there are winning and losing outcomes can be wagered on,
these games are specifically designed to make the betting process a strategic
part of the game. Some of these games involve players betting against each
other, such as poker, while in others, like blackjack,
players wager against the house.
Poker games
Poker is a family of gambling games in which players bet
into a pool, called the pot, that the value of their hand will beat all others
according to the ranking system. Variants largely differ on how
cards are dealt and the methods by which players can improve a hand. For many
reasons, including its age and its popularity among Western militaries, it is
one of the most universally known card games in existence.
Other card games
Many other card games have been designed and published on a
commercial or amateur basis. In some cases, the game uses the standard 52-card
deck, but the object is unique. In Eleusis,
for example, players play single cards, and are told whether the play was legal
or illegal, in an attempt to discover the underlying rules made up by the
dealer.
Most of these games however typically use a specially made
deck of cards designed specifically for the game (or variations of it). The
decks are thus usually proprietary, but may be created by the game's players. Uno,
Phase 10,
Set,
Slamwich, 1000 Blank White Cards, and Sopio are popular dedicated-deck card
games; 1000 Blank White Cards is unique in that the cards for the game are
designed by the players of the game while playing it; there is no
commercially-available deck advertised as such.
Fictional card games
Many games, including card games, are fabricated by science
fiction authors and screenwriters to distance a culture depicted in
the story from present-day Western culture. They are commonly used as filler to
depict background activities in an atmosphere like a bar or rec room, but
sometimes the drama revolves around the play of the game. Some of these games,
such as Pyramid from Battlestar Galactica,
become real card games as the holder of the intellectual property develops and
markets a suitable deck and ruleset for the game, while others, such as
"Exploding Snap" from the Harry Potter
franchise, lack sufficient descriptions of rules, or depend on cards or other
hardware that are infeasible or physically impossible.
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